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Enhanced second order algorithm applied to the capacitated minimum spanning tree problem [An article from: Computers and Operations Research]

This digital document is a journal article from Computers and Operations Research, published by Elsevier in 2007. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Given a centralized undirected graph with costs associated with its edges, the capacitated minimum spanning tree problem is to find a minimum cost spanning tree of the given graph, subject to a capacity constraint in all subtrees incident in the central node. As the problem is NP-hard, we propose an enhanced version of the well-known second order algorithm, described in [Karnaugh M. A new class of algorithms for multipoint network optimization. IEEE Transactions on Communications 1976;COM-24:500-5.]. The original version of this algorithm is based on a look-ahead strategy, used for a tentative inclusion of a constraint to the problem, performed in each iteration. In the new enhanced version, we propose the inclusion of look-behind steps, which can be seen as the reverse of the look-ahead procedure. Therefore and using some memory features, the method can continue even when facing the traditional stopping criterion of the original algorithm. Computational experiments showing the effectiveness of the new method on benchmark instances are reported.

Random Order
NE Alberta at 18th

Elly: Double macchiato. Vegan pumpkin/dark chocolate muffin.

Me: Double short americano. Sweet Goat breakfast panini. Regular cup of coffee.

I knew we'd have matching sweaters, but the matching orange scarves were a surprise. Funny expressions due to our pretending to sell one another fancy new wireless services. Some days our coffee dates feel like way too much fun.

Stats:
Coffee supplier: Stumptown
Tea? Yep, can't remember supplier
Tea brewing method: Excellent: loose tea brewed in little bags.
Food: Spectacularly good, destination-worthy baked goods baked on site, particularly PIE with local/organic fruit, also muffins and cookies. Sandwiches for breakfast and lunch.

Overview: Writing a "review" of Random Order feels a little bit like a conflict of interest. I love this place so much. We've lived two blocks away from it for two years and it feels like home. I must go here twice a week at minimum. It is very nearly the best coffee shop ever; the absolute best coffee shop ever was Cafe Septieme in Seattle, in its Belltown location... but Random Order is so close it's almost running alongside.

The espresso drinks range from good to outstanding depending who's on bar. The coffee-by-the-cup is strong and thick.

The aforementioned pie is worth making a trip from anywhere. They always have several fruit pies (my favorite is tied between Oregon cherry and heirloom apple), a few cream pies, and nowadays several savory potpies as well. A recent interesting and delicious pie is the Shaker Lemon, which is whole meyer lemons and a creamcheese crust.

Sandwiches are dependably good. I've only tried a few. I expanded my horizon this morning and tried the Sweet Goat, a goat cheese panini with walnuts and honey. It wasn't really my thing; I don't know why I didn't get a blueberry muffin like usual, or a piece of pie. Elly's pumpkin muffin was fantastic... warm, rich and sumptuous with the big soft bits of chocolate.

Anyway. We're moving to Irvington in about a month. There are so many things I am going to miss about living in this neighborhood; living within half-awake stumbling distance to Random Order is one of the things I will miss the very most.

Local 1000 stewards and members from the Department of Motor Vehicles delivered more than 800 signed petitions to DMV Director George Valverde asking him to apply for a departmental exemption from the minimum wage order.

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